#8 – 1857 1c Franklin, blue, type III

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U.S. #8
1857 1¢ Franklin, blue, imperf.
Type III
 
The Series of 1851-57
In 1851, Congress reduced postal rates. These new rates practically eliminated distance as a factor and created a need for new denominations. The 1¢ stamp was used on all mail up to 3 ounces and on “drop letters” which were mailed to the same town. The single letter rate, based on a half ounce, was changed to 3¢ for mail not over a distance of 3,000 miles. Mail exceeding this distance was lowered to 6¢. In 1855, the rate for letters over 3,000 miles changed to 10¢.
 
Prepayment was still optional. If postage was paid by the addressee upon receipt, the rate was higher. Due to increased collect rates, the use of postage stamps was greatly stimulated. In 1855, pre-payment was made compulsory.
 
Earliest Known Use:  September 21, 1851
Printed By:  Toppan, Carpenter & Co.
Method:  Flat plate
Watermark:  None
Perforation:  Imperforate
Color:  Blue
Quantity Printed:  12,300,000 (estimate)
 
U.S. #8 is the Series of 1851-57 1¢ Franklin Type III. Both its top and bottom lines are broken in varying degrees, while the ornaments on the sides are complete. Approximately 12,300,000 Series of 1851-57 1¢ Franklin stamps were produced. Only Plates 2 and 4 created the Type III stamp (U.S. #8). In addition, only one stamp from Plate 2 is Type III (position 99R2), making it the scarcest of this type.
 
Types or varieties occur when a stamp has differences that vary from the way it was originally intended to be printed. These differences occur when the design is being transferred to the plate for printing or when lines are re-cut.
 
The design is engraved on a die – a small, flat piece of steel. The design is copied to a transfer roll – a blank roll of steel. Several impressions or “reliefs” are made on the roll. The reliefs are transferred to the plate – a large, flat piece of steel from which the stamps are printed. When the design is being transferred to the roll or plate, differences can occur. A damaged plate or foreign matter causes differences. Lines re-cut on a worn plate can result in double lines.
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U.S. #8
1857 1¢ Franklin, blue, imperf.
Type III
 
The Series of 1851-57
In 1851, Congress reduced postal rates. These new rates practically eliminated distance as a factor and created a need for new denominations. The 1¢ stamp was used on all mail up to 3 ounces and on “drop letters” which were mailed to the same town. The single letter rate, based on a half ounce, was changed to 3¢ for mail not over a distance of 3,000 miles. Mail exceeding this distance was lowered to 6¢. In 1855, the rate for letters over 3,000 miles changed to 10¢.
 
Prepayment was still optional. If postage was paid by the addressee upon receipt, the rate was higher. Due to increased collect rates, the use of postage stamps was greatly stimulated. In 1855, pre-payment was made compulsory.
 
Earliest Known Use:  September 21, 1851
Printed By:  Toppan, Carpenter & Co.
Method:  Flat plate
Watermark:  None
Perforation:  Imperforate
Color:  Blue
Quantity Printed:  12,300,000 (estimate)
 
U.S. #8 is the Series of 1851-57 1¢ Franklin Type III. Both its top and bottom lines are broken in varying degrees, while the ornaments on the sides are complete. Approximately 12,300,000 Series of 1851-57 1¢ Franklin stamps were produced. Only Plates 2 and 4 created the Type III stamp (U.S. #8). In addition, only one stamp from Plate 2 is Type III (position 99R2), making it the scarcest of this type.
 
Types or varieties occur when a stamp has differences that vary from the way it was originally intended to be printed. These differences occur when the design is being transferred to the plate for printing or when lines are re-cut.
 

The design is engraved on a die – a small, flat piece of steel. The design is copied to a transfer roll – a blank roll of steel. Several impressions or “reliefs” are made on the roll. The reliefs are transferred to the plate – a large, flat piece of steel from which the stamps are printed. When the design is being transferred to the roll or plate, differences can occur. A damaged plate or foreign matter causes differences. Lines re-cut on a worn plate can result in double lines.