1889 James A. Garfield, Indigo, Specimen Type N

Own Scarce 5¢ Garfield Specimen Stamp

Specimen stamps are essentially sample stamps provided by postal authorities to other postal administrations, government agencies, or stamp dealers. Their primary purpose was to serve as a reference to identify the designs, denominations, and security features of stamps. Often, the word “Specimen” is either overprinted on the stamp or incorporated into the design to clearly indicate that it is not valid for postage.

The tradition of issuing Specimen stamps dates back to the 19th century, a time when international communication was expanding, and postal authorities needed to stay informed about the stamps used by other nations. By receiving Specimen stamps, postal administrations could familiarize themselves with the appearance of foreign stamps, helping to prevent forgeries and fraudulent use.

Specimen stamps were also used for educational purposes, serving as tools in training postal workers. In some cases, they were even displayed at international stamp exhibitions, showcasing a country’s postal achievements to a global audience.

Unlike regular postage stamps, Specimen stamps were often produced in limited quantities, making them rarer and more sought-after. Their specialized nature and the stories they carry add an extra layer of depth to a collection, connecting the collector to the historical context in which these stamps were created.

Today, Specimen stamps are cherished not only for their rarity but also for their role in preserving the integrity of postal services during a pivotal time in history. They serve as a reminder of the global connections that stamps have always represented, bridging cultures and nations through the simple yet powerful act of communication.

For collectors interested in expanding their horizons, Specimen stamps offer a pathway into a less-traveled yet richly rewarding area of philately. Whether you’re drawn to their historical significance, rarity, or distinctive designs, adding Specimen stamps to your collection can be a gratifying way to explore the depth and diversity of the stamp world.

Specimen stamps are more than just samples; they are artifacts that tell the story of global postal history. Their rarity, historical significance, and unique designs make them a coveted part of any collection. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just beginning your philatelic journey, Specimen stamps offer a fascinating window into the world of stamps—a world where every piece, even those never intended for postage, holds a piece of history.

U.S. #216
This #216 was overprinted with “SAMPLE A.” in manuscript.  This is a Type N overprint.
The 1888 5¢ Indigo Garfield stamp was issued in February 1888.   Approximately 58,898,680 of the stamps were printed by the American Bank Note Company on a flat plate press and perforated 12. 

The History Behind the American Bank Note Company:

Continental Bank Note Co. was awarded a second contract that covered the period of 1877-1881. On February 4, 1879, the American Bank Note Company took over Continental, and the contract was assumed by the new company. Since American acquired all the old plates used by Continental when the two companies consolidated, the American Bank Note stamps all bear the same secret marks. Those plates that did not previously have secret marks were not altered in any way.

One can, however, differentiate between the stamps printed by Continental and American by determining which type of paper was used. Both National and Continental used hard paper, which is fairly white, has a smooth surface, and is uniform in thickness. In addition, the stamp is fairly translucent when held up to a window or a bright light. Hard paper is sometimes better referred to as being a grayish or bluish white.

American, on the other hand, used soft paper, which is characterized by being thicker and having a coarser and uneven texture. When compared to hard paper, it is yellowish in appearance and is not as translucent.