1908-09 Regular Issues, Double Line Watermark, Imperf., Compete Set of 5 Stamps

Get a Complete Set of Imperforate 1908-09 Definitives –
Produced for Use in Vending Machines

The 1908-09 stamps were issued as imperforate sheets, then sold to private coil makers.  These coil manufacturers joined the sheets, then cut them into strips, which were themselves joined to form long coils.  Every twentieth stamp on the coils was pasted together.  Long coils were made to use in the newly developed vending machines of the day.

This set of 5 stamps includes:
343 - Series of 1908-09 1¢ Franklin
344 - 1908 2c Washington, Carmine
345 - 1909 3c Washington, deep violet,
346 - 1909 4c Washington, Orange brown
347 - 1909 5c Washington, blue

Imperforates Issued for Coil Makers

It was mainly through Postmaster General Meyer’s cooperation with the vending machine companies that improvements were made in the industry.  Under his direction, the first coil stamps were produced.  One of the major problems had been that the machines had to use government perforated stamps.  However, the Bureau gauge 12 perforations were much too fragile to use in an automated machine.

In 1906, when Meyer was appointed as Postmaster General, several private companies expressed a need for sheets of stamps without perforations.  Because he was interested in developing the vending machine industry for postage stamps, their requests were honored.  The first sheets of imperforate stamps were supplied on October 2, 1906, for experimental use.

This system proved to be much better.  Sheets were simply removed from the production process before being perforated and then sent to the individual companies, who would then apply perforations to fit their machines.  The sheets they were using were panes of 100, with each strip containing only 10 stamps. This required a “paste-up” every ten stamps.  Not only was this a time-consuming task, but these pasted strips often posed problems in the machines.  Another request was then made by vending machine companies, this time for full, uncut sheets of 400 stamps.  Again, the sheets were supplied. 

This set of five imperforate stamps are part of that history.  They will make neat additions to your collection.  Order them today!

Washington-Franklin Series 

On November 16, 1908, the first stamp in the Washington-Franklin Series was issued.

When the 1902 series was issued, the Post Office Department received numerous complaints from collectors, as well as the public, concerning the stamps’ poor designs. One particular gentleman, Charles Dalton, even wrote to his senator! He severely criticized the Stuart portrait of Washington currently in use on the 2¢ stamp and suggested the profile, taken from the bust by Jean Antoine Houdon, be put back into use.

Dalton also recommended that this portrait be used on all US issues. To support his idea, he used the example of Great Britain’s stamps, which all carried the profile portrait of King Edward VII. After careful consideration, the Postmaster General and Department officials adopted Mr. Dalton’s suggestions for the new 1908 series. The decision was made to keep Benjamin Franklin on the 1¢ stamp; however, his portrait was also to be in profile, modeled after Houdon’s bust.

A simpler and more modern-looking border design was selected to be used on all denominations. The simplicity and uniformity of the new design greatly reduced production costs and extended the life of the steel printing plates. Due to lower international rates and higher weight limits per unit, the need for the $2 and $5 stamps diminished.

The first stamp in this new series, the carmine 2¢ Washington, was issued on November 16, 1908.  With a design based on Houdon’s bust of Washington, US #332a paid the domestic letter rate for a one-ounce letter. Immediately upon its release, the stamp received positive feedback.  However, people quickly noticed there was something wrong with the same.  It didn’t follow the regulations established by the Universal Postal Union that required stamps have their denominations in numerals.  Some expected the new stamp would be withdrawn from sale, but the Postmaster General announced it would not.

Early printings were made with plates featuring a standard spacing of 2mm between the stamps, a marginal imprint of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and a plate number. About 10% of the sheets had to be discarded because paper shrinkage caused faulty perforations.  To fix the problem, star plates were introduced with 3mm vertical spacing between the six outer rows on each side of the full sheet of 400 subjects. The rest of the spaces remained at 2mm since the inner stamps were less impacted by shrinkage. This new process decreased the waste to about 1%.

When the Post Office Department issued the 1908 series, there were not enough different color inks for each denomination. Therefore, various shades of each color were used. For example, the 1¢ and 8¢ were both printed in green, and the 3¢ and 50¢ in purple, and the 5¢ and 15¢ in blue.  Postal clerks complained that the stamps were too similar, making them difficult to distinguish, especially if they were in a hurry. In addition, the poor artificial lights hindered their ability to differentiate between the subtle shades.

Experiments were conducted using different inks printed on colored paper. These tests, however, determined this was not an effective solution to the problem. Finally, it was decided that the series should simply be split in half.  The first seven stamps in the Series of 1912 (1¢ – 7¢) carried the portrait of George Washington, while the remaining stamps (8¢ – $1) pictured our first postmaster general. The stamps bearing Benjamin Franklin’s picture were given a new border design, which like the previous one, was simple yet artistic.

The Washington-Franklin stamps were meant to simplify postage but resulted in 220 major and 99 minor stamp varieties. These stamps utilize five different designs, two paper types, three printing methods, at least 14 perforations, several colors, and 20 denominations.